PHYSIOTHERAPY APPROACHES TO REDUCING THE SEVERITY OF OBSTETRIC PERINEAL TRAUMA: AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54038/ms.v4i3-4.58Keywords:
perineal laceration, pelvic floor, perineal trauma, prevention, vaginal deliveryAbstract
Perineal trauma during vaginal delivery is characterized as a situation that is commonly associated with short- and long-term morbidity, such as persistent pain, dyspareunia, pelvic floor disorders, and depression. The aim of this study was to carry out an integrative review to identify the physiotherapeutic approaches carried out in the last eleven years that have reduced the severity of perineal trauma, as well as the types of studies carried out and the scientific evidence supporting their use. In January 2022, a systematic search was carried out using four electronic databases: PubMed, Embase, SCOPUS, and WEB OF SCIENCE. The search protocol included studies published in the last eleven years (2011-2022) that addressed one or more physiotherapeutic resources during the gestational period and/or labor, without language restriction. The search strategy used in each database included standardized terms from Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS) and 32 keywords. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) was used to select studies and exclude duplicate records. Given the above, it is possible to infer that among the techniques evaluated in the studies, the practice of massage in the pelvic injury muscles during pregnancy and training through perineal exercises may be effective in the incidence of severe lacerations and episiotomy during childbirth.
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